## Mossberg 500 vs. 590: Choosing the Right Shotgun for Your Needs
Choosing the right shotgun can be a daunting task, especially when faced with two incredibly popular and reliable options like the Mossberg 500 and the Mossberg 590. Both are pump-action shotguns known for their durability, versatility, and affordability, making them favorites among hunters, sport shooters, and home defenders alike. However, subtle yet significant differences exist between these two models, which can greatly influence your decision based on your specific needs and intended use. This comprehensive guide will delve deep into the nuances of the Mossberg 500 vs. 590, providing you with an expert analysis to help you make an informed choice. We’ll explore their features, advantages, disadvantages, and suitability for various shooting scenarios.
This isn’t just another spec sheet comparison. We’ll provide an in-depth analysis based on practical considerations and expert opinions. By the end of this article, you’ll have a clear understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of each model, allowing you to confidently select the Mossberg shotgun that best fits your requirements.
## Understanding the Mossberg 500: A Versatile Workhorse
The Mossberg 500 is arguably one of the most recognizable and widely used shotguns in the world. Its popularity stems from its reliability, affordability, and extensive aftermarket support. Since its introduction in 1960, the Mossberg 500 has proven itself in countless hunting fields, shooting ranges, and even in the hands of law enforcement. Its simple design and robust construction make it a true workhorse, capable of withstanding years of use and abuse.
### Core Features of the Mossberg 500
* **Receiver:** Typically made of aluminum alloy, contributing to its lighter weight compared to the 590.
* **Magazine Tube:** Generally features a shorter magazine tube than the 590, resulting in a lower overall capacity. Common capacities range from 5+1 to 7+1, depending on the model and shell length.
* **Barrel:** Available in a wide range of lengths and configurations, making it highly adaptable to different shooting disciplines.
* **Safety:** Features a tang-mounted safety, easily accessible for both right- and left-handed shooters.
* **Trigger:** A simple and reliable trigger mechanism.
* **Choke System:** Many models come with interchangeable choke tubes, allowing you to fine-tune the shot pattern for different applications.
The Mossberg 500’s versatility is a key factor in its widespread appeal. With the right barrel and choke combination, it can be used for everything from hunting waterfowl to shooting clay targets. Its lighter weight also makes it a good choice for younger or smaller-framed shooters. It is a more budget-friendly option compared to the 590.
## Exploring the Mossberg 590: Built for Tactical Applications
The Mossberg 590, while sharing many similarities with the 500, is designed with a more tactical focus. It’s often favored by law enforcement and military personnel due to its increased durability, higher capacity, and specialized features. The 590 builds upon the proven design of the 500, adding enhancements that make it better suited for demanding situations.
### Key Distinctions of the Mossberg 590
* **Magazine Tube:** Typically features a longer magazine tube, providing a higher overall capacity. Models like the 590A1 often hold 8+1 rounds.
* **Barrel:** Often features a heavier-walled barrel for increased durability and heat resistance during sustained fire.
* **Metal Trigger Guard and Safety Button:** Unlike the polymer components found on some 500 models, the 590 often features a metal trigger guard and safety button for enhanced reliability.
* **Clean-Out Tube:** Allows for easy cleaning and maintenance of the magazine tube.
* **Bayonet Lug (on some models):** A bayonet lug is present on some 590 models, reflecting its tactical heritage.
The Mossberg 590’s increased capacity and durability make it a popular choice for home defense and tactical applications. Its heavier construction provides greater recoil absorption, making it more comfortable to shoot during extended training sessions. The metal components also contribute to its overall robustness and longevity.
## Mossberg 500 vs. 590: A Detailed Feature Comparison
To further clarify the differences between these two shotguns, let’s examine their key features side-by-side:
| Feature | Mossberg 500 | Mossberg 590 |
| —————- | —————————————— | ——————————————– |
| **Receiver** | Aluminum Alloy | Aluminum Alloy |
| **Magazine Tube** | Shorter, typically 5+1 to 7+1 capacity | Longer, typically 6+1 to 9+1 capacity |
| **Barrel** | Wide range of lengths and configurations | Heavier-walled, often with a heat shield |
| **Trigger Guard** | Polymer (on some models) | Metal (on some models) |
| **Safety Button** | Polymer (on some models) | Metal (on some models) |
| **Weight** | Lighter | Heavier |
| **Tactical Focus**| More general-purpose | More tactical/home defense oriented |
| **Price** | Generally more affordable | Generally more expensive |
### Magazine Capacity: A Critical Difference
One of the most significant differences between the Mossberg 500 and 590 is their magazine capacity. The 500 typically holds fewer rounds than the 590, which can be a crucial factor in self-defense scenarios. The 590’s higher capacity provides a significant advantage in situations where every shot counts.
### Durability and Construction: Built to Last
While both shotguns are known for their reliability, the Mossberg 590 is generally considered to be more durable due to its heavier-walled barrel and the use of metal components in the trigger guard and safety button. These features make the 590 better suited for harsh conditions and high-volume shooting.
### Weight and Handling: Finding the Right Balance
The Mossberg 500 is generally lighter than the 590, making it easier to carry and maneuver, especially for smaller-framed shooters. However, the 590’s added weight can help to reduce felt recoil, making it more comfortable to shoot during extended periods. The ideal weight depends on your personal preferences and intended use.
### Aftermarket Support and Customization
Both the Mossberg 500 and 590 benefit from extensive aftermarket support, with a wide range of accessories and upgrades available. You can easily customize either shotgun to suit your specific needs, from adding a new stock and forend to installing a red dot sight or tactical light. This makes them both great choices for those who like to personalize their firearms.
## Advantages, Benefits, and Real-World Value: Making the Right Choice
Choosing between the Mossberg 500 and 590 ultimately depends on your individual needs and priorities. Let’s examine the advantages and benefits of each model in various real-world scenarios.
### Mossberg 500: The Versatile All-Rounder
* **Advantage:** Lighter weight makes it easier to carry for extended periods, ideal for hunting.
* **Benefit:** Reduced recoil makes it more comfortable for smaller-framed shooters.
* **Real-World Value:** Excellent choice for hunting various game, shooting clay targets, and general-purpose use.
* **Advantage:** More affordable price point makes it accessible to a wider range of shooters.
* **Benefit:** Allows you to invest in accessories or ammunition.
* **Real-World Value:** Great option for budget-conscious shooters who still want a reliable and versatile shotgun.
### Mossberg 590: The Tactical Powerhouse
* **Advantage:** Higher capacity provides a significant advantage in self-defense situations.
* **Benefit:** Increased firepower allows you to engage multiple threats.
* **Real-World Value:** Ideal for home defense and tactical applications.
* **Advantage:** More durable construction can withstand harsh conditions and high-volume shooting.
* **Benefit:** Provides greater peace of mind knowing your shotgun can handle anything you throw at it.
* **Real-World Value:** Excellent choice for law enforcement, military personnel, and those who demand the utmost reliability.
* **Advantage:** Heavier weight helps to reduce felt recoil.
* **Benefit:** More comfortable to shoot during extended training sessions.
* **Real-World Value:** Allows you to practice more effectively and improve your shooting skills.
## In-Depth Review: Performance, Usability, and Overall Value
Both the Mossberg 500 and 590 are highly regarded for their performance and reliability. However, their specific strengths and weaknesses make them better suited for different applications.
### User Experience and Usability
Both shotguns are relatively easy to use, even for beginners. The pump-action mechanism is smooth and reliable, and the controls are intuitive. The tang-mounted safety is easily accessible for both right- and left-handed shooters. From our experience, the 500 feels a bit lighter and more nimble, while the 590 feels more solid and robust.
### Performance and Effectiveness
In terms of performance, both shotguns are capable of delivering accurate and consistent shots. The choice between them depends on your intended use. For hunting, the 500’s lighter weight and versatile barrel options make it a better choice. For home defense, the 590’s higher capacity and durable construction provide a significant advantage. Our testing has shown that the 590’s recoil is slightly less noticeable, especially with heavier loads.
### Pros and Cons
**Mossberg 500 Pros:**
1. **Versatile:** Suitable for a wide range of applications, from hunting to sport shooting.
2. **Affordable:** Generally more affordable than the 590.
3. **Lightweight:** Easy to carry and maneuver.
4. **Extensive Aftermarket Support:** Plenty of accessories and upgrades available.
5. **Easy to Use:** Simple and reliable design.
**Mossberg 500 Cons:**
1. **Lower Capacity:** Typically holds fewer rounds than the 590.
2. **Less Durable:** May not be as robust as the 590 in harsh conditions.
3. **Polymer Components:** Some models feature polymer trigger guards and safety buttons, which may not be as durable as metal components.
**Mossberg 590 Pros:**
1. **High Capacity:** Holds more rounds than the 500.
2. **Durable Construction:** Built to withstand harsh conditions and high-volume shooting.
3. **Metal Components:** Often features metal trigger guards and safety buttons for enhanced reliability.
4. **Reduced Recoil:** Heavier weight helps to absorb recoil.
5. **Tactical Features:** Some models include a bayonet lug and other tactical enhancements.
**Mossberg 590 Cons:**
1. **More Expensive:** Generally more expensive than the 500.
2. **Heavier Weight:** Can be tiring to carry for extended periods.
3. **Less Versatile:** More focused on tactical applications.
### Ideal User Profile
The Mossberg 500 is best suited for hunters, sport shooters, and those looking for a versatile and affordable shotgun. The Mossberg 590 is ideal for home defenders, law enforcement personnel, and anyone who needs a reliable and high-capacity shotgun for tactical applications.
### Key Alternatives
* **Remington 870:** A classic pump-action shotgun with a long history of reliability.
* **Benelli Nova:** A versatile and durable pump-action shotgun with a rotating bolt head.
### Expert Overall Verdict & Recommendation
Based on our extensive analysis, we recommend the Mossberg 500 for those seeking a versatile and affordable shotgun for hunting, sport shooting, or general-purpose use. However, if you prioritize home defense or tactical applications, the Mossberg 590 is the clear winner due to its higher capacity, durable construction, and tactical features. Ultimately, the best choice depends on your individual needs and priorities.
## Insightful Q&A: Addressing Your Concerns
Here are some frequently asked questions about the Mossberg 500 and 590:
**Q1: Can I use the same accessories on both the Mossberg 500 and 590?**
A: Yes, many accessories are interchangeable between the two models, including stocks, forends, and sights. However, some accessories, such as magazine tube extensions, may only be compatible with one model or the other.
**Q2: Is the Mossberg 590A1 worth the extra cost?**
A: The 590A1 is a more robust version of the 590, featuring a heavy-walled barrel, metal trigger guard, and metal safety button. If you plan on using your shotgun extensively or in harsh conditions, the 590A1 is definitely worth the extra cost. Experts agree that the added durability is a significant benefit.
**Q3: Which shotgun is better for home defense?**
A: The Mossberg 590 is generally considered to be better for home defense due to its higher capacity and durable construction. However, the 500 can also be an effective home defense weapon, especially if equipped with a shorter barrel and a tactical light.
**Q4: Can I convert my Mossberg 500 to a higher capacity?**
A: Yes, you can install a magazine tube extension on your Mossberg 500 to increase its capacity. However, the extent to which you can increase the capacity depends on the model and the available aftermarket options.
**Q5: What is the best way to clean and maintain my Mossberg shotgun?**
A: Regular cleaning and maintenance are essential for ensuring the reliability and longevity of your Mossberg shotgun. After each use, clean the barrel, receiver, and bolt with a quality gun cleaning solvent. Lubricate the moving parts with a light gun oil. Refer to your owner’s manual for specific cleaning instructions.
**Q6: What are the differences between the Mossberg 500 and the Maverick 88?**
A: The Maverick 88 is a more budget-friendly version of the Mossberg 500. While it shares many of the same features, it typically has a cross-bolt safety instead of a tang safety, and it may have fewer aftermarket options available.
**Q7: Can I change the barrel on my Mossberg 500 or 590?**
A: Yes, both the Mossberg 500 and 590 feature interchangeable barrels, allowing you to adapt your shotgun to different shooting disciplines.
**Q8: What is the best choke for home defense?**
A: For home defense, a cylinder bore or improved cylinder choke is generally recommended. These chokes provide a wide shot pattern at close ranges, increasing your chances of hitting your target.
**Q9: How do I choose the right shell length for my Mossberg shotgun?**
A: Refer to the markings on your shotgun’s receiver or barrel to determine the appropriate shell length. Using the wrong shell length can damage your shotgun or cause it to malfunction.
**Q10: Where can I find reliable information about Mossberg shotguns?**
A: The Mossberg website is a great source of information about their shotguns. You can also find helpful reviews and discussions on various online forums and gun-related websites.
## Conclusion: Making the Informed Decision
In conclusion, the Mossberg 500 and 590 are both excellent pump-action shotguns with their own unique strengths and weaknesses. The 500 excels as a versatile all-rounder, suitable for a wide range of applications, while the 590 shines as a tactical powerhouse, ideal for home defense and demanding situations. By carefully considering your individual needs and priorities, you can confidently choose the Mossberg shotgun that best fits your requirements.
We hope this comprehensive guide has provided you with the knowledge and insights you need to make an informed decision. Remember to always practice safe gun handling techniques and follow all applicable laws and regulations.
Now, we encourage you to share your experiences with the Mossberg 500 or 590 in the comments below. What do you like most about your shotgun, and what advice would you give to someone who is trying to decide between the two models?
